How To Use Et Al Apa

The term et al is the abbreviated form of the latin term et alia which means and others.

How to use et al apa. Articles with three four or five authors include all names in the first in text citation but are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. This means that references in apa 7 do not use the phrase et al in text citation format with et al. And articles with six or more authors are abbreviated to the first author name plus et al. For example blythe et al 2003. For any source with more than two authors type out the first author s last name followed by et al follow this format for the first and subsequent citations of the source.

Note that this rule has changed from apa 6 guidelines on using et al which recommend listing all author names in the first citation up to five authors but then using et al for the second and subsequent citations. In apa 7 for a work with three or more authors list the first author and et al for all citations including the first citation unless doing so would create ambiguity. For example props f. Encyclopedia of halloween costumes. This is a big change from the 6 th edition where it was also used in the reference list.

Specifically articles with one or two authors include all names in every in text citation. Example for a source with three authors rasmussen hopkins and fitzpatrick. Use the lead author s surname and et al. When there are three or more authors cite the first author followed by et al apa does not recommend using et al in the reference list. In apa style for a source with three or more authors list the first author s last name and et al for all citations including the first citation.

In your reference list citation of a major reference book with a large editorial board. For all in text citations. Include the name of only the first author s last name plus et al in every citation. In apa style in apa style in text citations when a source has two authors list both. The abbreviation et al is used only for in text citations in the 7 th edition.

How do i use et al. Use the lead author s name and et al.